AFFIXES IN KARAKALPAK LANGUAGE

Abstract

This article explores the functional classification of affixes in the Karakalpak language, drawing upon comparative linguistic analysis with other Turkic and world languages. The study investigates the evolution of affix categorization—from traditional binary divisions (derivational and inflectional) to more nuanced models incorporating form-building affixes. By analyzing key scholarly works, including those of V.M. Zhirmunsky, A.M. Peshkovsky, and N.A. Baskakov, the paper highlights the complexities and ongoing debates surrounding affixal morphemes. It identifies three major functional types: word-forming, form-building, and inflectional affixes. Each type is examined in terms of its morphological role, syntactic relevance, and place in either the language or speech system. The Karakalpak data further reveals blurred boundaries between affix categories, emphasizing the need for a refined classification that accommodates multifunctional morphemes. The findings contribute to a deeper understanding of Turkic morphology and open new directions for typological and theoretical research in general linguistics.